Learn Ten Qirat Online
Qirat translates to “to read,” but in a technical sense, it refers to the recitation of the Quran. There are ten recognized qirats of the Quran, which represent ten different dialects in which various individuals recite the text. These differences do not alter the meanings or understanding of the Quran; instead, they manifest in pronunciation, letters, and Harakat (diacritical marks).
It’s akin to having two different copies of the Quran and comparing them. The subtle variations in Harakat, sounds, and letters do not impact the meanings, but they do affect how the Quran is pronounced. Thus, there are ten distinct methods by which people recite the Quran.
Outline of this Ten Qirat Course !
How these Qirats Evolved?
When the Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him), each tribe had its own Arabic dialect. For instance, the Quraish, the tribe of the Prophet (Peace be upon Him), spoke a distinct Quraish dialect, while other dialects existed, such as those from Yemen and various others within Arab society. These dialects can be likened to the differences between British and American English, which have variations in spelling and pronunciation for the same words.
As the Islamic state expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula, non-Arabic speakers began to notice these differences and became confused. In response to this issue, Caliph Uthman ibn Affan (RA) gathered all the copies of the Quran written in various dialects and ordered their destruction. He then unified the Ummah under a single Quranic dialect.
Ahadith about the Qirat and Holy Quran
bay ibn Ka’ab reported that the Prophet (PBUH) was once on the outskirts of Madeenah (near the tribe of Banoo Ghifaar) when Jibreel came to him and said, “Allaah has commanded that you recite the Qur’an to your people in one harf.” The Prophet (PBUH) replied, “I ask Allaah’s pardon and forgiveness! My people are not capable of doing this!” Jibreel then came again and said, “Allaah has commanded you to recite the Qur’an to your people in two ahruf.”
The Prophet (PBUH) again replied, “I ask Allaah’s pardon and forgiveness! My people are not capable of doing this!” Jibreel then came a third time and said, “Allaah has commanded you to recite the Qur’an to your people in three ahruf.” The Prophet (PBUH) replied for a third time, “I ask Allaah’s pardon and forgiveness! My people are not capable of doing this!” At last, Jibreel came for the fourth time, and said, “Allaah has commanded you to recite the Qur’an to your people in seven ahruf, and in whichever harf they recite, they would be right. 384”
Ibn ‘Abbaas reported that the Prophet (PBUH) said, “Jibreel recited the Qur’aan to me in one harf, and I recited it back to him, but I requested him to increase (the number of harf) and he continued to increase it for me until we stopped at seven ahruf.” Ibn Shihaab az-Zuhree (d. 124 A.H.), one of the narrators of the hadeeth, said, “It has reached me that these seven ahruf are essentially one (in meaning), they do not differ about what is permitted or forbidden.” 383
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